Table 1 Participants’ demographics and lifestyle habits
Variable | Students N = 621 (%) | Residents N = 931 (%) | Seniors N = 3447 (%) | Othera N = 396 (%) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | |||||
< 35 | 99.8 | 57.3 | 1.0 | 8.1 | < 0.001 |
35–44 | 0.2 | 38.2 | 21.8 | 8.3 | |
45–54 | – | 2.6 | 27.0 | 19.7 | |
55–64 | – | 1.4 | 32.0 | 39.9 | |
65+ | – | 0.4 | 16.9 | 22.7 | |
Unknown | – | 0.1 | 1.2 | 1.3 | |
Gender | |||||
Male | 39.6 | 61.7 | 59.4 | 57.1 | < 0.001 |
Perceived health Status | |||||
Excellent | 20.8 | 11.4 | 11.7 | 6.9 | < 0.001 |
Very good | 50.7 | 37 | 34 | 25.2 | |
Good | 21.8 | 31.9 | 33.7 | 38.2 | |
Fair | 6.1 | 17.5 | 18.5 | 26.5 | |
Poor | 0.5 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 3.3 | |
Perceived level of emotional stress | |||||
Very low | 6.8 | 4 | 8.1 | 12.8 | < 0.001 |
Low | 27.4 | 14.3 | 20.9 | 20 | |
Moderate | 45.1 | 31.9 | 37.6 | 37.9 | |
High | 16.7 | 35.1 | 26.1 | 20.8 | |
Very high | 4.1 | 14.7 | 7.4 | 8.5 | |
Body mass index (BMI)b | |||||
Underweight (< 18.5 kg/m2) | 7.4 | 3.6 | 1.2 | 1.1 | < 0.001 |
Normal weight (≥18.5 to < 25 kg/m2) | 79.1 | 53.7 | 41.5 | 29 | |
Overweight (≥25 to < 30 kg/m2) | 11.5 | 33.5 | 41.5 | 45.8 | |
Obese (≥30 kg/m2) | 2.0 | 9.2 | 15.8 | 24.1 | |
Nutrition & eating habits (every day or almost every day) | |||||
Breakfast | 64.1 | 38.6 | 55.4 | 61.2 | < 0.001 |
Lunch | 73.0 | 46.5 | 48.9 | 51.8 | < 0.001 |
Mediterranean Diet | 40.7 | 25.9 | 35.3 | 40.3 | < 0.001 |
Drinking 8 cups of water | 50.1 | 33.7 | 36.1 | 44.1 | < 0.001 |
Processed food | 19.3 | 27.6 | 15.7 | 13.6 | < 0.001 |
Sweetened beverages | 11.5 | 18.5 | 9.0 | 12.1 | < 0.001 |
5 units of fruits & vegetables | 25.8 | 20.6 | 35.7 | 41.8 | < 0.001 |
Cigarette smoking Currently | 10.7 | 15.5 | 6.5 | 10.9 | < 0.001 |
Average hours of night sleep | |||||
≤ 5 Hours | 8.1 | 43.3 | 20.5 | 22.8 | < 0.001 |
6 Hours | 25.2 | 43.6 | 53.6 | 51.0 | |
7 Hours | 44.4 | 12.3 | 23.3 | 21.5 | |
≥ 8 Hours | 22.3 | 0.8 | 2.6 | 4.7 | |
Has a regular physician for personal care | 76.2 | 42.2 | 42.2 | 48.7 | < 0.001 |