Table 2 Model characteristics for predisposing, enabling and need factors
Name of Variable | Total | Hospitalized within a year | Not hospitalized within a year | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | n | % | P-value | |
7,165 | 100 | 846 | 11.8 | 6,319 | 88.2 | ||
Predisposing factors | |||||||
Age in categories | < 0.001 | ||||||
< 35 | 1,763 | 24.7 | 251 | 30.0 | 1,512 | 24.0 | |
36–45 | 1,629 | 22.9 | 189 | 22.6 | 1,440 | 22.9 | |
46–55 | 1,714 | 24.1 | 204 | 24.3 | 1,510 | 24.0 | |
56–65 | 1,469 | 20.6 | 151 | 18.0 | 1,318 | 21.0 | |
65 + | 551 | 7.7 | 43 | 5.1 | 508 | 8.1 | |
Sex | 0.943 | ||||||
Male | 3938 | 55.0 | 464 | 54.8 | 3474 | 55.0 | |
Female | 3227 | 45.0 | 382 | 45.2 | 2845 | 45.0 | |
Marital status | 0.067 | ||||||
Single | 4,226 | 59.9 | 520 | 62.9 | 3,706 | 59.5 | |
In or was in a Relationship | 2,833 | 40.1 | 307 | 37.1 | 2,526 | 40.5 | |
Mother's birthplace | 0.671 | ||||||
Israel (non-immigrant) | 2,368 | 33.0 | 293 | 35.5 | 2,075 | 34.9 | |
Immigrant | 4,401 | 61.4 | 533 | 64.5 | 3,868 | 65.1 | |
Religion | 0.024 | ||||||
Jewish | 6,278 | 87.6 | 721 | 85.2 | 5,557 | 87.9 | |
Non-Jewish | 887 | 12.4 | 125 | 14.8 | 762 | 12.1 | |
Residential type | < 0.001 | ||||||
Full residential services: hostel | 1,782 | 24.9 | 316 | 37.4 | 1,466 | 23.2 | |
Partial residential services: assisted living | 3,353 | 46.8 | 362 | 42.8 | 2,991 | 47.3 | |
No residential services: home | 2,030 | 28.3 | 168 | 19.9 | 1,862 | 29.5 | |
Having children | 0.013 | ||||||
Yes | 2,401 | 33.5 | 254 | 31.1 | 2,147 | 35.5 | |
No | 4,463 | 62.3 | 563 | 68.9 | 3,900 | 64.5 | |
How well do you feel that you are coping with your psychiatric or emotional issues on a daily basis? | < 0.001 | ||||||
Not at all/ poor | 1,071 | 14.9 | 157 | 19.6 | 914 | 15.3 | |
Fair/ very good | 5,712 | 79.7 | 642 | 80.4 | 5,070 | 84.7 | |
Enabling factors | |||||||
How much do you know about your illness and treatment? | 0.497 | ||||||
Not at all/ poor | 1,363 | 19.0 | 155 | 19.2 | 1,208 | 20.2 | |
Fair/ very good | 5,433 | 75.8 | 654 | 80.8 | 4,779 | 79.8 | |
Do you work? | 0.522 | ||||||
Yes | 4,426 | 68.8 | 514 | 67.8 | 3,912 | 69.0 | |
No | 2,005 | 31.2 | 244 | 32.2 | 1,761 | 31.0 | |
Education | 0.169 | ||||||
Without high school diploma | 3,936 | 54.9 | 490 | 59.8 | 3,446 | 55.8 | |
High school diploma | 828 | 11.6 | 91 | 11.1 | 737 | 11.9 | |
Certification studies | 1,432 | 20.0 | 158 | 19.3 | 1,274 | 20.6 | |
Academic degree- BA or higher | 799 | 11.2 | 81 | 9.9 | 718 | 11.6 | |
How satisfied are you with your relationship of your family (parents, siblings)? | 0.128 | ||||||
Not at all/ poor | 1,309 | 18.3 | 170 | 21.5 | 1,139 | 19.2 | |
Fair/ very good | 5,411 | 75.5 | 621 | 78.5 | 4,790 | 80.8 | |
Are you currently involved in an intimate relationship? | 0.600 | ||||||
Yes | 2,100 | 29.3 | 239 | 30.8 | 1,861 | 31.7 | |
No | 4,541 | 63.4 | 537 | 69.2 | 4,004 | 68.3 | |
How many people do you consider as close friends? | 0.964 | ||||||
Up to one | 4,018 | 56.1 | 476 | 57.1 | 3,542 | 57.0 | |
Two or more | 3,031 | 42.3 | 358 | 42.9 | 2,673 | 43.0 | |
How satisfied are you with your current social life? | 0.682 | ||||||
Not at all/ poor | 1,924 | 26.9 | 232 | 28.6 | 1,692 | 28.0 | |
Fair/ very good | 4,939 | 68.9 | 578 | 71.4 | 4,361 | 72.0 | |
I function socially (managing to create and maintain social relations, participating in social activities) | 0.79 | ||||||
Not at all/ poor | 1,865 | 26.0 | 198 | 25.6 | 1,667 | 28.7 | |
Fair/ very good | 4,719 | 65.9 | 574 | 74.4 | 4,145 | 71.3 | |
Communicate with someone who is not family | 0.955 | ||||||
Up to twice a week | 2,752 | 38.4 | 323 | 39.2 | 2,429 | 39.3 | |
More than twice a week | 4,261 | 59.5 | 502 | 60.8 | 3,759 | 60.7 | |
How well do you use community resources? | 0.884 | ||||||
Not at all/ poor | 1,206 | 16.8 | 141 | 17.0 | 1,065 | 17.2 | |
Fair/ very good | 5,802 | 81.0 | 687 | 83.0 | 5,115 | 82.8 | |
I function within the community | 0.505 | ||||||
Not at all/ poor | 1,467 | 20.5 | 238 | 28.9 | 1,289 | 22.3 | |
Fair/ very good | 5,087 | 71.0 | 585 | 71.1 | 4,502 | 77.7 | |
How satisfied are you with your leisure activities? | 0.023 | ||||||
Not at all/ poor | 1,945 | 27.1 | 256 | 32.1 | 1,689 | 28.3 | |
Fair/ very good | 4,830 | 67.4 | 541 | 67.9 | 4,289 | 71.7 | |
Need factors | |||||||
How is your satisfaction with quality of life? | 0.006 | ||||||
Not at all/ poor | 2,737 | 8.2 | 360 | 42.6 | 2,377 | 37.6 | |
Fair/ very good | 4,428 | 61.8 | 486 | 57.4 | 3,942 | 62.4 | |
How well is your general functioning? | 0.523 | ||||||
Not at all/ poor | 1,059 | 14.8 | 130 | 16.5 | 929 | 15.6 | |
Fair/ very good | 5,695 | 79.5 | 660 | 83.5 | 5,035 | 84.4 | |
Symptoms affect or interfere with your daily functioning | < 0.001 | ||||||
Moderately/ a lot | 1,211 | 16.9 | 190 | 24.6 | 1,021 | 17.8 | |
Not at all/ very little | 5,295 | 73.9 | 582 | 75.4 | 4,713 | 82.2 | |
Previous hospitalizations | < 0.001 | ||||||
No hospitalization in previous 10 years | 3,245 | 45.3 | 96 | 11.3 | 3,149 | 49.8 | |
Previous hospitalization 1–10 years before enrollment | 548 | 7.6 | 177 | 20.9 | 371 | 5.9 | |
Previous hospitalization up to a year before enrollment | 3,372 | 47.1 | 573 | 67.7 | 2,799 | 44.3 | |
Variable | |||||||
Number of hospitalizations prior to enrollment | 1.9 | 3.4 | 2.27 | 0.70 | 1.90 | 0.94 | < 0.001 |