Table 2 Socioeconomic characteristics associated with cigarette smoking status: univariate analysis
From: Social characteristics associated with disparities in smoking rates in Israel
| Â | Men | Women | ||||||
Never N = 1,704 | Past N = 844 | Current N = 1,139 | P | Never N = 2,748 | Past N = 444 | Current N = 645 | P | |
Years of education; N, (%) | Â | Â | Â | <0.0001 | Â | Â | Â | <0.0001 |
 0-8 | 75 (29.1) | 77 (29.8) | 106 (41.1) |  | 257 (82.1) | 25 (8.0) | 31 (9.9) |  |
 9-12 | 413 (39.1) | 195 (18.5) | 449 (42.5) |  | 620 (70.4) | 78 (8.9) | 183 (20.8) |  |
 13+ | 1,207 (51.4) | 563 (24.0) | 580 (24.7) |  | 1,792 (70.1) | 337 (13.2) | 426 (16.7) |  |
Employment status; N, (%) | Â | Â | Â | <0.0001 | Â | Â | Â | <0.0001 |
 Employed | 1,221 (46.7) | 550 (21.0) | 846 (32.3) |  | 1,470 (66.5) | 283 (12.8) | 458 (20.7) |  |
 Unemployed | 53 (31.9) | 26 (15.7) | 87 (52.4) |  | 129 (77.7) | 8 (4.8) | 29 (17.5) |  |
 Not included in the labor force | 430 (47.6) | 268 (29.7) | 206 (22.8) |  | 1,149 (78.7) | 153 (10.5) | 158 (10.8) |  |
Mean gross income per-capita per month; N, (%) | Â | Â | Â | <0.0001 | Â | Â | Â | <0.0001 |
 <2,000 NIS | 439 (44.3) | 187 (18.9) | 365 (36.8) |  | 875 (80.9) | 74 (6.8) | 133 (12.3) |  |
 2,000-4,000 NIS | 427 (45.4) | 239 (25.4) | 275 (29.2) |  | 746 (70.2) | 116 (10.9) | 201 (18.9) |  |
 >4,000 NIS | 605 (48.5) | 323 (25.9) | 320 (25.6) |  | 711 (64.2) | 188 (17.0) | 208 (18.8) |  |
 No information | 233 (46.0) | 95 (18.7) | 179 (35.3) |  | 416 (71.1) | 66 (11.3) | 103 (17.6) |  |
|  | Men (N = 3,686) | Women (N = 3,837) | ||||||
|  | Never N = 1,704 | Past N = 844 | Current N = 1,139 | P | Never N = 2,748 | Past N = 444 | Current N = 645 | P |
Possession of material assets; N, (%) | Â | Â | Â | <0.0001 | Â | Â | Â | <0.0001 |
 Neither car nor house | 221 (41.0) | 97 (18.0) | 221 (41.0) |  | 418 (66.8) | 72 (11.5) | 136 (21.7) |  |
 Car only | 166 (39.6) | 82 (19.6) | 171 (40.8) |  | 213 (57.7) | 60 (16.3) | 96 (26.0) |  |
 House only | 324 (46.8) | 172 (24.8) | 197 (28.4) |  | 737 (80.3) | 80 (8.7) | 101 (11.0) |  |
 A car and a house | 650 (48.7) | 314 (23.5) | 372 (27.8) |  | 931 (74.3) | 131 (10.5) | 191 (15.2) |  |
 A house and two cars or more | 187 (50.8) | 79 (21.5) | 102 (27.7) |  | 254 (65.8) | 49 (12.7) | 83 (21.5) |  |
 Two houses or more | 156 (47.0) | 100 (30.1) | 76 (22.9) |  | 195 (68.4) | 52 (18.3) | 38 (13.3) |  |
Being successful in meeting living expenses; N, (%) | Â | Â | Â | <0.0001 | Â | Â | Â | <0.0001 |
 Highly successful | 375 (58.5) | 137 (21.4) | 129 (20.1) |  | 402 (72.4) | 70 (12.6) | 83 (15.0) |  |
 Somewhat successful | 847 (47.5) | 434 (24.3) | 504 (28.2) |  | 1,407 (74.2) | 221 (11.7) | 269 (14.2) |  |
 Not very successful | 368 (38.7) | 205 (21.6) | 377 (39.7) |  | 734 (70.2) | 113 (10.8) | 199 (19.0) |  |
 Unsuccessful | 95 (34.3) | 61 (22.0) | 121 (43.7) |  | 177 (59.2) | 38 (12.7) | 84 (13.2) |  |