Table 1 Demographic, crash, injury and hospitalization characteristics of motorcycle crash-related injuries admitted to hospitals by ethnicity: 2008–2017
From: Motorcycle-related head and neck injuries: increased risk among ethnic minorities
Total | Jews | Arabs | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic characteristics | ||||
n (%) | 6073 (100.0) | 5386 (88.7) | 687 (11.3) | |
Age group (y)† | ||||
< 16 | 37 (0.6) | 31 (0.6) | 6 (0.9) | < 0.0001 |
16–25 | 2564 (42.3) | 2122 (39.5) | 442 (64.9) | |
26–35 | 1519 (25.1) | 1372 (25.5) | 147 (21.6) | |
36–45 | 943 (15.6) | 888 (16.5) | 55 (8.1) | |
46–55 | 554 (9.1) | 537 (10.0) | 17 (2.5) | |
56–65 | 318 (5.3) | 307 (5.7) | 11 (1.6) | |
> 65 | 123 (2.0) | 120 (2.2) | 3 (0.4) | |
Male Gender | 5700 (93.9) | 5024 (93.3) | 676 (98.4) | < 0.0001 |
Crash characteristics | ||||
Motorcyclist position | ||||
Rider | 5809 (95.7) | 5163 (95.9) | 646 (94.0) | 0.027 |
Passenger | 264 (4.4) | 223 (4.1) | 41 (6.0) | |
Type of collision | ||||
Motor vehicle | 2900 (47.8) | 2578 (47.9) | 322 (46.9) | 0.623 |
Self-accident | 2761 (45.5) | 2457 (45.6) | 304 (44.3) | 0.498 |
Helmet use | 5844 (96.2) | 5258 (97.6) | 586 (85.3) | < 0.0001 |
Location of Injury | 0.007 | |||
Interurban road | 1669 (27.5) | 1490 (27.7) | 179 (26.1) | |
Urban road | 3550 (58.5) | 3140 (58.3) | 410 (59.7) | |
Dirt road | 136 (2.2) | 109 (2.0) | 27 (3.9) | |
Unknown | 718 (11.8) | 647 (12.0) | 71 (10.3) | |
Admission time | ||||
00:00–05:59 | 567 (9.3) | 494 (9.2) | 73 (10.6) | < 0.0001 |
06:00–11:59 | 1279 (21.1) | 1180 (21.9) | 99 (14.4) | |
12:00–17:59 | 2322 (38.2) | 2063 (38.3) | 259 (37.7) | |
18:00–23:59 | 1905 (31.4) | 1649 (30.6) | 256 (37.3) | |
Injury characteristics | ||||
HNI and TBI | ||||
HNI | 1117 (18.4) | 950 (17.6) | 167 (24.3) | < 0.0001 |
Severe HNI (AIS ≥ 3) | 466 (7.7) | 386 (7.2) | 80 (11.6) | < 0.0001 |
TBI | 399 (6.6) | 334 (6.2) | 65 (9.5) | 0.001 |
Other Injured body region* | ||||
Face | 770 (12.7) | 663 (12.3) | 107 (15.6) | 0.015 |
Upper extremities | 2424 (39.9) | 2127 (39.5) | 297 (43.2) | 0.059 |
Lower extremities | 3592 (59.2) | 3177 (59.0) | 415 (60.4) | 0.475 |
Abdomen | 1213 (20.0) | 1039 (19.3) | 174 (25.3) | 0.002 |
Thorax | 1504 (24.8) | 1307 (21.3) | 197 (28.7) | 0.012 |
Spine | 565 (9.3) | 484 (9.0) | 81 (11.8) | 0.017 |
External | 331 (5.5) | 308 (5.7) | 23 (3.4) | 0.009 |
ISS | 0.006 | |||
Minor (ISS 1–8) | 3242 (53.4) | 2911 (54.1) | 331 (48.2) | |
Moderate (ISS 9–14) | 1767 (29.1) | 1560 (29.0) | 207 (30.1) | |
Severe (ISS 16–24) | 517 (8.5) | 448 (8.3) | 69 (10.0) | |
Critical (ISS 25–75) | 547 (9.0) | 467 (8.7) | 80 (11.6) | |
Resource utilization | ||||
Evacuation type | ||||
Ambulance | 4702 (77.4) | 4200 (78.0) | 502 (73.1) | < 0.0001 |
Private car | 916 (15.1) | 806 (15.0) | 110 (16.0) | |
Helicopter | 63 (1.0) | 44 (0.82) | 19 (2.8( | |
Police/ other | 18 (0.3) | 11 (0.20) | 7 (1.02) | |
Unknown | 374 (6.2) | 325 (6.0) | 49 (7.1) | |
Admitted to intensive care unit | 747 (12.3) | 627 (11.6) | 120 (17.5) | < 0.0001 |
Undergone surgery | 2808 (46.2) | 2494 (46.3) | 314 (45.7) | 0.767 |
In-hospital length of stay (days) > 7 | 1630 (26.8) | 1421 (26.4) | 209 (30.4) | 0.025 |
Discharged to rehabilitation | 540 (8.9) | 493 (9.2) | 47 (6.8) | 0.045 |
In-hospital mortality | 68 (1.1) | 57 (1.1) | 11 (1.6) | 0.203 |