Table 3 Age-Standardized Mortality Ratios (SMRs) by cause of death, with 95% confidence interval (CI), aged 25–64 year old at baseline1, 2000–2017
From: Educational level, ethnicity and mortality rates in Israel: national data linkage study
Cause of death/Years of education | 8 or less | 9–11 | 12 | 13–15 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Compared to 16 and over | ||||||||
SMR | 95% CI | SMR | 95% CI | SMR | 95% CI | SMR | 95% CI | |
Males, N = 1,387,209 | ||||||||
Infectious diseases | 2.9 | (2.7–3.1) | 2.6 | (2.4–2.7) | 1.8 | (1.7–2.0) | 1.4 | (1.3–1.6) |
Malignant neoplasms | 1.5 | (1.4–1.5) | 1.5 | (1.4–1.5) | 1.2 | (1.2–1.2) | 1.2 | (1.2–1.2) |
Diabetes | 4.3 | (4.1–4.5) | 3.2 | (3.0–3.4) | 2.5 | (2.3–2.6) | 1.6 | (1.5–1.7) |
Dementia | 1.9 | (1.6–2.3) | 2.0 | (1.7–2.4) | 1.5 | (1.2–1.8) | 1.4 | (1.1–1.7) |
Heart disease | 2.4 | (2.4–2.5) | 2.1 | (2.0–2.1) | 1.5 | (1.5–1.6) | 1.3 | (1.2–1.3) |
Cerebrovascular disease | 2.8 | (2.6–2.9) | 2.3 | (2.2–2.5) | 1.7 | (1.6–1.8) | 1.4 | (1.3–1.5) |
Respiratory diseases | 4.4 | (4.2–4.6) | 3.2 | (3.0–3.4) | 2.5 | (2.3–2.6) | 1.5 | (1.4–1.7) |
Ill-defined | 2.2 | (2.1–2.3) | 2.1 | (2.0–2.2) | 1.5 | (1.5–1.6) | 1.2 | (1.2–1.3) |
Other natural causes | 2.5 | (2.4–2.6) | 2.2 | (2.1–2.3) | 1.7 | (1.7–1.8) | 1.4 | (1.3–1.4) |
Accidents | 2.6 | (2.4–2.7) | 2.4 | (2.2–2.5) | 1.7 | (1.6–1.8) | 1.4 | (1.3–1.5) |
Suicide | 0.9 | (0.8–1.0) | 1.7 | (1.5–1.8) | 1.3 | (1.2–1.4) | 1.1 | (1.0–1.2) |
Homicide | 5.9 | (5.0–6.9) | 5.7 | (5.1–6.4) | 3.1 | (2.7–3.5) | 1.4 | (1.1–1.7) |
Other external causes | 2.3 | (2.0–2.7) | 2.7 | (2.4–3.0) | 2.0 | (1.8–2.2) | 1.5 | (1.3–1.7) |
All cause mortality | 2.2 | (2.1–2.2) | 2.0 | (1.9–2.0) | 1.5 | (1.5–1.5) | 1.3 | (1.3–1.3) |
Females, N = 1,389,212 | ||||||||
Infectious diseases | 3.4 | (3.2–3.7) | 2.6 | (2.4–2.8) | 1.7 | (1.5–1.9) | 1.2 | (1.1–1.3) |
Malignant neoplasms | 1.0 | (1.0–1.0) | 1.1 | (1.1–1.2) | 1.1 | (1.1–1.1) | 1.1 | (1.1–1.1) |
Diabetes | 5.8 | (5.5–6.1) | 3.9 | (3.7–4.2) | 2.1 | (1.9–2.3) | 1.6 | (1.5–1.8) |
Dementia | 1.7 | (1.4–2.1) | 1.7 | (1.3–2.1) | 1.5 | (1.2–1.9) | 1.1 | (0.9–1.4) |
Heart disease | 3.5 | (3.3–3.6) | 2.4 | (2.3–2.6) | 1.8 | (1.7–1.9) | 1.3 | (1.2–1.4) |
Cerebrovascular disease | 3.0 | (2.8–3.2) | 2.2 | (2.0–2.4) | 1.5 | (1.4–1.7) | 1.2 | (1.1–1.3) |
Respiratory diseases | 3.7 | (3.5–3.9) | 2.7 | (2.5–3.0) | 2.0 | (1.8–2.2) | 1.1 | (1.0–1.2) |
Ill-defined | 1.9 | (1.8–2.1) | 1.8 | (1.7–2.0) | 1.3 | (1.2–1.5) | 1.1 | (1.1–1.2) |
Other natural causes | 2.9 | (2.8–3.0) | 2.3 | (2.2–2.4) | 1.7 | (1.6–1.7) | 1.3 | (1.3–1.4) |
Accidents | 2.0 | (1.8–2.3) | 1.6 | (1.4–1.8) | 1.4 | (1.2–1.5) | 1.2 | (1.0–1.3) |
Suicide | 0.8 | (0.6–0.9) | 1.1 | (0.9–1.3) | 1.2 | (1.0–1.3) | 1.1 | (0.9–1.2) |
Homicide | 2.7 | (2.0–3.5) | 2.6 | (2.0–3.4) | 1.7 | (1.3–2.1) | 1.1 | (0.8–1.5) |
Other external causes | 1.9 | (1.5–2.4) | 1.6 | (1.3–2.0) | 1.3 | (1.1–1.6) | 1.5 | (1.2–1.8) |
All cause mortality | 1.8 | (1.8–1.8) | 1.6 | (1.5–1.6) | 1.3 | (1.3–1.3) | 1.2 | (1.2–1.2) |