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Table 4 Hazard ratios from cox regression model predicting risk of death by cause with 95% confidence interval (CI), 25–64 year old at baseline

From: Educational level, ethnicity and mortality rates in Israel: national data linkage study

 

Model 1

Model 2

Cause of death/Effect

Population group

Population group

Education

 

Arabs

Arabs

8 or less

9–11

12

13–15

 

v Jews and Others

v Jews and Others

v 16 and over

 

HR

95% CI

HR

95% CI

HR

95% CI

HR

95% CI

HR

95% CI

HR

95% CI

Males, N = 1,387,209

Infectious diseases

0.95

0.86–1.05

0.65

0.58–0.72

3.55

3.15–3.99

2.60

2.31–2.92

1.77

1.57–1.99

1.42

1.25–1.61

Malignant neoplasms

1.09

1.06–1.12

0.97

0.94–1.01

1.45

1.40–1.51

1.47

1.42–1.52

1.19

1.15–1.23

1.17

1.14–1.22

Diabetes

2.36

2.22–2.50

1.72

1.61–1.84

3.41

3.06–3.79

2.96

2.66–3.29

2.37

2.14–2.64

1.54

1.37–1.73

Dementia

0.80

0.60–1.08

0.63

0.46–0.85

2.21

1.65–2.96

2.06

1.54–2.76

1.44

1.07–1.94

1.38

1.01–1.87

Heart disease

1.79

1.72–1.86

1.44

1.38–1.51

2.07

1.95–2.19

1.95

1.85–2.06

1.49

1.41–1.57

1.25

1.18–1.33

Cerebrovascular disease

1.56

1.45–1.69

1.19

1.10–1.29

2.55

2.29–2.84

2.27

2.04–2.52

1.69

1.52–1.88

1.36

1.22–1.53

Respiratory diseases

2.14

2.01–2.27

1.44

1.35–1.54

4.01

3.61–4.44

3.01

2.72–3.35

2.31

2.09–2.57

1.49

1.33–1.68

Accidents

1.37

1.27–1.47

1.06

0.98–1.15

2.65

2.36–2.98

2.31

2.08–2.57

1.65

1.49–1.83

1.36

1.21–1.52

Suicide

0.34

0.29–0.40

0.30

0.26–0.35

1.53

1.30–1.79

1.85

1.64–2.08

1.28

1.14–1.44

1.08

0.95–1.23

Homicide

3.26

2.84–3.74

2.31

1.99–2.68

4.40

3.19–6.07

4.53

3.38–6.07

2.74

2.05–3.68

1.38

0.98–1.95

All cause mortality

1.33

1.31–1.36

1.07

1.05–1.09

2.13

2.08–2.18

1.91

1.87–1.95

1.47

1.44–1.50

1.26

1.23–1.29

Females, N = 1,389,212

Infectious diseases

1.44

1.28–1.62

0.79

0.69–0.90

4.16

3.52–4.91

2.68

2.26–3.18

1.65

1.38–1.96

1.25

1.05–1.50

Malignant neoplasms

0.81

0.78–0.84

0.83

0.80–0.86

1.03

0.99–1.07

1.14

1.10–1.18

1.09

1.06–1.13

1.12

1.08–1.16

Diabetes

3.24

3.00–3.50

1.93

1.76–2.10

4.41

3.76–5.16

3.71

3.16–4.36

1.99

1.68–2.35

1.59

1.35–1.88

Dementia

0.80

0.60–1.08

0.73

0.49–1.07

1.87

1.30–2.69

1.67

1.13–2.45

1.48

1.01–2.17

1.10

0.75–1.60

Heart disease

2.41

2.26–2.57

1.58

1.47–1.70

2.96

2.66–3.29

2.34

2.10–2.62

1.71

1.53–1.91

1.30

1.16–1.45

Cerebrovascular disease

2.10

1.90–2.32

1.39

1.24–1.56

2.69

2.30–3.14

2.17

1.85–2.54

1.50

1.28–1.76

1.21

1.03–1.43

Respiratory diseases

1.63

1.47–1.80

0.91

0.81–1.02

4.13

3.55–4.81

2.77

2.36–3.24

1.94

1.66–2.28

1.16

0.98–1.37

Accidents

1.29

1.12–1.50

0.96

0.82–1.13

2.11

1.73–2.57

1.63

1.35–1.98

1.36

1.13–1.63

1.16

0.96–1.40

Suicide

0.32

0.23–0.45

0.30

0.21–0.42

1.31

0.97–1.78

1.26

0.98–1.62

1.18

0.94–1.48

1.12

0.89–1.40

Homicide

2.10

1.58–2.79

1.51

1.09–2.08

2.52

1.49–4.25

2.43

1.52–3.87

1.57

1.00–2.47

1.16

0.71–1.89

All cause mortality

1.27

1.25–1.30

1.01

0.99–1.04

1.77

1.72–1.82

1.55

1.50–1.59

1.28

1.24–1.31

1.17

1.14–1.20

  1. Model 1: Adjusting for age and population group only, Model 2: Adjusting for age, population group and education
  2. All HR significant with p ≤ 0.05 except italicized numbers