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Table 2 Changes in medication treatment 1 year after pharmacist consultation:

From: The efficacy of single pharmacist medication review among type II diabetic patients who take six chronic medications or more: a case–control study

Variable

Pharmacist consultation group (N = 740)

Control group (N = 1476)

p-value

Total medications at baseline N (Mean; CI)

11.4 ± 2.4

9.9 ± 2.4

 < 0.001

Medications stopped N (Mean; SD)

1.5 ± 1.1

0.7 ± 0.9

 < 0.001

Medications started N (Mean; SD)

1.3 ± 0.8

0.4 ± 0.8

 < 0.001

Proportion of patients that stopped at least one medication, N (%)

610 (82.4)

712 (48.2)

 < 0.001

Proportion of patients that started at least one medication, N (%)

483 (65.2)

373 (25.2)

 < 0.001

Medications adherence before % (Mean; SD)

79.3 ± 16.3

83.7 ± 14.3

0.014

Medications adherence after % (Mean; SD)

81.1 ± 15.1

88.4 ± 11.8

 < 0.001

Difference in adherence % (Mean; SD)

1.6 ± 13.6

4.7 ± 14.2

0.036

Patients on anxiolytics N (%)

136 (18.4)

377 (25.5)

 < 0.001

Patients who stopped anxiolytics (BNZ) N (% anxiolytics users)

80 (58.8)

165 (43.8)

0.029

Patients who started anxiolytics (BNZ) N (%)

30 (22)

142 (37.7)

 < 0.001

Patients on chronic opioids 341 pts N (% opioids users)

72 (9.7)

269 (18.2)

 < 0.001

Patients who stopped opioids N (%)

36 (50.0)

85 (31.6)

 < 0.001

Patients who started opioids N (%)

22 (30.6)

114 (42.4)

0.07

Diabetic patients with sulfonylureas N (%)

112 (20.4)

252 (23.1)

 < 0.001

Diabetic patients who stopped sulfonylureas, N (%)

12 (10.7)

12 (3.6)

 < 0.001

Diabetic patients who started Sulfonylureas, N (%)

10 (8.9)

35 (13.8)

 < 0.001

Diabetic patients with GLP1 N (%)

98 (17.9)

160 (14.6)

0.06

Diabetic patients who stopped GLP1, N (%)

2 (2.0)

15 (9.4)

 < 0.001

Diabetic patients who started GLP1, N (%)

16 (16.4)

18 (11.2)

0.031