Table 3 Study population characteristics by developmental domain attainment failure in four developmental domains: social, language, gross motor and fine motor

n

8495

10,018

12,002

13,602

11,004

16,309

18,130

21,290

24,639

20,199

Maternal education, n (%)

Elementary

305 (3.2)*

317 (3.3)*

400 (4.1)*

432 (4.4)*

305 (3.8)*

521 (5.5)*

563 (5.8)*

679 (6.9)*

762 (7.7)*

613 (7.6)*

High School

2723 (2.3)*

3314 (2.7)*

3829 (3.1)*

4226 (3.4)*

3493 (3.4)*

5532 (4.7)*

6266 (5.2)*

7098 (5.7)*

8135 (6.6)*

6743 (6.5)*

Tertiary Education

638 (1.8)*

877 (2.3)*

1216 (2.9)*

1408 (3.1)*

1225 (2.9)*

1337 (3.8)*

1626 (4.2)*

2054 (4.8)*

2549 (5.6)*

2312 (5.4)*

Academic

2201 (1.8)*

2391 (1.8)*

2927 (2.1)*

3351 (2.3)*

2635 (2.1)*

3696 (3.0)*

4175 (3.1)*

4888 (3.5)*

5679 (4.0)*

4612 (3.7)*

Missing

2628 (1.9)*

3119 (2.3)*

3630 (2.6)*

4185 (3.1)*

3346 (2.9)*

5223 (3.9)*

5500 (4.0)*

6571 (4.7)*

7514 (5.6)*

5919 (5.1)*

Ethnic group, n (%)

Christian Arab

119 (1.9)*

126 (2.0)*

150 (2.3)*

164 (2.6)*

119 (2.2)*

212 (3.4)*

224 (3.5)*

275 (4.2)*

299 (4.7)*

212 (3.9)*

Druze

166 (1.9)*

196 (2.2)*

184 (2.0)*

199 (2.2)*

133 (1.8)*

256 (3.0)*

331 (3.7)*

341 (3.7)*

366 (4.0)*

268 (3.6)*

Jewish

4763 (1.9)*

5550 (2.2)*

6614 (2.5)*

7962 (2.9)*

6953 (2.9)*

9353 (3.8)*

10,275 (4.0)*

11,826 (4.4)*

14,370 (5.3)*

12,442 (5.2)*

Muslim Arab

2219 (2.4)*

2605 (2.6)*

2887 (2.8)*

2993 (3.0)*

2164 (2.5)*

3932 (4.2)*

4502 (4.5)*

5132 (5.0)*

5545 (5.6)*

4253 (5.0)*

Muslim Bedouin

18 (1.5)*

54 (2.8)*

196 (5.2)*

365 (5.9)*

309 (3.9)*

31 (2.6)*

89 (4.6)*

243 (6.5)*

429 (6.9)*

448 (5.6)*

Other

229 (2.4)*

279 (2.9)*

387 (3.8)*

449 (4.4)*

352 (3.9)*

513 (5.4)*

567 (5.8)*

731 (7.2)*

909 (8.8)*

723 (8.1)*

Missing

981 (1.8)*

1208 (2.2)*

1584 (2.7)*

1470 (2.7)*

974 (2.3)*

2012 (3.7)*

2142 (3.9)*

2742 (4.7)*

2721 (5.0)*

1853 (4.5)*

Sex of child, n (%)

Female

3479 (1.7)*

4098 (1.9)*

4972 (2.2)*

5491 (2.5)*

4516 (2.4)*

6371 (3.1)*

7130 (3.3)*

8376 (3.8)*

9824 (4.4)*

7975 (4.2)*

Male

5016 (2.3)*

5920 (2.6)*

7030 (3.0)*

8111 (3.5)*

6488 (3.2)*

9938 (4.6)*

11,000 (4.9)*

12,914 (5.5)*

14,815 (6.3)*

12,224 (6.0)*

Maternal birth country, n (%)

Ethiopia

185 (3.1)*

232 (3.7)*

240 (3.5)*

340 (4.8)*

311 (5.0)*

386 (6.4)*

427 (6.8)*

498 (7.2)*

690 (9.8)*

620 (9.9)*

FSU

327 (2.4)*

505 (3.3)*

620 (3.8)*

678 (4.0)*

517 (3.7)*

723 (5.2)*

904 (6.0)*

1121 (6.8)*

1327 (7.9)*

1140 (8.1)*

Israel

7005 (2.0)*

8113 (2.2)*

9432 (2.5)*

10,676 (2.9)*

8677 (2.7)*

12,898 (3.7)*

14,439 (4.0)*

16,740 (4.5)*

19,208 (5.2)*

15,616 (4.9)*

Other

480 (1.9)*

561 (2.2)*

716 (2.8)*

850 (3.3)*

794 (3.3)*

1133 (4.5)*

1163 (4.6)*

1298 (5.1)*

1556 (6.0)*

1406 (5.9)*

Maternal employment status, n (%)

Employed

3054 (1.8)*

3693 (2.1)*

4969 (2.5)*

5764 (2.8)*

5141 (2.7)*

5938 (3.6)*

6850 (3.8)*

8215 (4.2)*

10,215 (5.0)*

9141 (4.8)*

Unemployed

2374 (2.5)*

2855 (3.0)*

3203 (3.3)*

3506 (3.7)*

2643 (3.3)*

4570 (4.9)*

5105 (5.3)*

5888 (6.1)*

6553 (6.9)*

5166 (6.5)*

Student

267 (1.7)*

347 (2.0)*

444 (2.3)*

533 (2.6)*

440 (2.4)*

481 (3.1)*

579 (3.3)*

759 (3.9)*

904 (4.5)*

780 (4.3)*

Other

2800 (1.9)*

3123 (2.1)*

3386 (2.3)*

3799 (2.8)*

2780 (2.6)*

5320 (3.6)*

5596 (3.8)*

6428 (4.4)*

6967 (5.2)*

5112 (4.8)*

Maternal marital status, n (%)

Married

7442 (2.0)*

8766 (2.3)*

10,336 (2.6)*

11,658 (2.9)*

9388 (2.7)*

14,132 (3.8)*

15,776 (4.1)*

18,303 (4.6)*

21,211 (5.3)*

17,268 (5.0)*

Unmarried

354 (2.9)*

409 (3.1)*

505 (3.5)*

651 (4.3)*

563 (4.1)*

638 (5.3)*

765 (5.8)*

892 (6.2)*

1136 (7.4)*

1028 (7.4)*

Divorced

127 (2.4)*

170 (3.2)*

184 (3.5)*

189 (3.9)*

147 (3.9)*

287 (5.4)*

337 (6.4)*

388 (7.4)*

395 (8.1)*

324 (8.6)*

Other

572 (1.7)*

673 (2.0)*

977 (2.7)*

1104 (2.9)*

906 (2.6)*

1252 (3.6)*

1252 (3.8)*

1707 (4.7)*

1897 (5.0)*

1579 (4.6)*

Maternal age, n (%)

 ≤ 20

358 (1.9)*

435 (2.3)*

501 (2.7)*

566 (3.2)*

411 (2.9)*

662 (3.6)*

804 (4.3)‡

794 (4.3)*

942 (5.4)*

764 (5.4)

20–40

7775 (2.0)*

9183 (2.3)*

10,952 (2.6)*

12,400 (3.0)*

10,041 (2.8)*

15,011 (3.8)*

16,608 (4.1)‡

19,571 (4.6)*

22,582 (5.4)*

18,426 (5.1)

 > 40

354 (3.0)*

382 (3.0)*

511 (3.7)*

549 (3.8)*

471 (3.6)*

622 (5.3)*

693 (5.4)‡

862 (6.2)*

983 (6.8)*

868 (6.7)

Child’s age at time of estimation, n (%)

0–1

6042 (3.2)*

6881 (3.6)*

8198 (4.2)*

9323 (4.7)*

7359 (4.0)*

5815 (3.1)*

6624 (3.4)*

7813 (4.0)*

9001 (4.6)*

7450 (4.0)*

1–2

1081 (0.6)*

1264 (0.7)*

1602 (0.9)*

1931 (1.1)*

1868 (1.1)*

5389 (3.2)*

5637 (3.2)*

6832 (3.8)*

8366 (4.6)*

7014 (4.2)*

2–3

1193 (1.1)*

1473 (1.3)*

1763 (1.5)*

1970 (1.7)*

1562 (1.5)*

3976 (3.7)*

4138 (3.8)*

4733 (4.1)*

5257 (4.6)*

4711 (4.5)*

3–4

334 (0.7)*

540 (1.1)*

650 (1.2)*

642 (1.2)*

396 (1.7)*

831 (1.8)*

1509 (3.0)*

1703 (3.1)*

1950 (3.7)*

1080 (4.5)*

4–5

121 (1.3)*

187 (1.7)*

224 (1.9)*

236 (2.0)*

158 (1.6)*

315 (3.3)*

393 (3.6)*

501 (4.2)*

532 (4.5)*

421 (4.2)*

5+ 

52 (0.3)*

68 (0.4)*

79 (0.4)*

92 (0.4)*

52 (0.6)*

679 (4.3)*

552 (3.0)*

691 (3.1)*

712 (3.3)*

344 (3.7)*

n

12561

13786

15723

17324

12957

14048

15180

16760

17940

14532

Maternal education, n (%)

Elementary

315 (3.3)*

358 (3.7)*

390 (4.0)*

427 (4.3)*

311 (3.8)*

431 (4.5)*

468 (4.8)*

490 (5.0)*

579 (5.9)*

409 (5.0)*

High School

3946 (3.4)*

4385 (3.6)*

4748 (3.8)*

5262 (4.3)*

3825 (3.7)*

4493 (3.8)*

4819 (4.0)*

5208 (4.2)*

5530 (4.5)*

4430 (4.3)*

Tertiary Education

1087 (3.1)*

1181 (3.1)*

1484 (3.5)*

1735 (3.8)*

1465 (3.5)*

1258 (3.5)*

1404 (3.6)*

1754 (4.1)*

1902 (4.2)*

1709 (4.0)*

Academic

3382 (2.7)*

3633 (2.7)*

4234 (3.0)*

4720 (3.3)*

3525 (2.8)*

3643 (2.9)*

3868 (2.9)*

4288 (3.1)*

4613 (3.2)*

3707 (3.0)*

Missing

3831 (2.8)*

4229 (3.1)*

4867 (3.5)*

5180 (3.8)*

3831 (3.3)*

4223 (3.1)*

4621 (3.4)*

5020 (3.6)*

5316 (3.9)*

4277 (3.7)*

Ethnic group, n (%)

Christian Arab

184 (2.9)*

203 (3.2)*

197 (3.0)^₮

208 (3.3)

130 (2.4)*

186 (3.0)*

229 (3.6)*

227 (3.5)*

214 (3.4)*

169 (3.1)*

Druze

262 (3.0)*

304 (3.4)*

322 (3.5)^₮

294 (3.2)

207 (2.7)*

290 (3.4)*

273 (3.0)*

298 (3.2)*

270 (3.0)*

205 (2.7)*

Jewish

7635 (3.1)*

8286 (3.2)*

9534 (3.6)^₮

10,491 (3.9)

8310 (3.5)*

8155 (3.3)*

8557 (3.3)*

9475 (3.6)*

10,681 (4.0)*

8899 (3.7)*

Muslim Arab

2750 (2.9)*

3115 (3.1)*

3345 (3.3)^₮

3611 (3.6)

2498 (2.9)*

3486 (3.7)*

3826 (3.8)*

3921 (3.8)*

4065 (4.1)*

3164 (3.7)*

Muslim Bedouin

18 (1.5)*

29 (1.5)*

88 (2.4)^₮

207 (3.3)

210 (2.6)*

38 (3.2)*

91 (4.7)*

278 (7.4)*

435 (7.0)*

474 (5.9)*

Other

229 (2.4)*

249 (2.6)*

326 (3.2)^₮

363 (3.5)

278 (3.1)*

321 (3.4)*

334 (3.4)*

350 (3.4)*

463 (4.5)*

380 (4.3)*

Missing

1483 (2.7)*

1600 (2.9)*

1911 (3.3)^₮

2150 (4.0)

1324 (3.2)*

1572 (2.9)*

1870 (3.4)*

2211 (3.8)*

1812 (3.3)*

1241 (3.0)*

Sex of child, n (%)

Female

5636 (2.7)*

6234 (2.9)*

7031 (3.2)*

7730 (3.5)*

5838 (3.1)*

6121 (3.0)*

6643 (3.1)*

7238 (3.3)*

7802 (3.5)*

6514 (3.4)*

Male

6925 (3.2)*

7552 (3.3)*

8692 (3.7)*

9594 (4.1)*

7119 (3.5)*

7927 (3.7)*

8537 (3.8)*

9522 (4.1)*

10,138 (4.3)*

8018 (4.0)*

Maternal birth country, n (%)

Ethiopia

165 (2.7)

195 (3.1)*

241 (3.5)

278 (3.9)

223 (3.6)

242 (4.0)*

314 (5.0)*

304 (4.4)*

355 (5.0)*

325 (5.2)*

FSU

369 (2.7)

432 (2.9)*

522 (3.2)

617 (3.7)

486 (3.5)

501 (3.6)*

576 (3.8)*

683 (4.1)*

741 (4.4)*

553 (3.9)*

Israel

10,345 (3.0)

11,566 (3.2)*

12,984 (3.5)

14,101 (3.8)

10,511 (3.3)

11,646 (3.4)*

12,379 (3.4)*

13,478 (3.6)*

14,404 (3.9)*

11,776 (3.7)*

Other

769 (3.0)

733 (2.9)*

886 (3.5)

1019 (3.9)

758 (3.2)

780 (3.1)*

851 (3.4)*

901 (3.6)*

1024 (4.0)*

972 (4.1)*

Maternal employment status, n (%)

Employed

4842 (2.9)*

5252 (2.9)*

6352 (3.3)*

7592 (3.7)*

6096 (3.2)*

5299 (3.2)*

5772 (3.2)*

7204 (3.7)*

7968 (3.9)*

6833 (3.6)*

Unemployed

3234 (3.5)*

3499 (3.6)*

3736 (3.8)*

4051 (4.3)*

2880 (3.6)*

3721 (4.0)*

4015 (4.2)*

4194 (4.3)*

4389 (4.6)*

3426 (4.3)*

Student

396 (2.5)*

496 (2.8)*

579 (3.0)*

685 (3.4)*

545 (3.0)*

480 (3.1)*

573 (3.3)*

672 (3.5)*

748 (3.7)*

618 (3.4)*

Other

4089 (2.8)*

4539 (3.1)*

5056 (3.5)*

4996 (3.7)*

3436 (3.2)*

4548 (3.1)*

4820 (3.3)*

4690 (3.2)*

4835 (3.6)*

3655 (3.4)*

Maternal marital status, n (%)

Married

11,025 (3.0)*

12,125 (3.1)*

13,748 (3.4)*

15,051 (3.8)*

11,221 (3.3)*

12,365 (3.3)*

13,184 (3.4)*

14,438 (3.6)*

15,563 (3.9)*

12,496 (3.7)*

Unmarried

457 (3.8)*

508 (3.9)*

574 (4.0)*

666 (4.4)*

529 (3.8)*

523 (4.3)*

582 (4.4)*

689 (4.8)*

695 (4.6)*

690 (5.0)*

Divorced

173 (3.3)*

206 (3.9)*

260 (4.9)*

237 (4.9)*

184 (4.9)*

215 (4.1)*

222 (4.2)*

241 (4.6)*

210 (4.3)*

183 (4.9)*

Other

906 (2.6)*

947 (2.8)*

1141 (3.1)*

1370 (3.6)*

1023 (3.0)*

945 (2.7)*

1192 (3.6)*

1392 (3.8)*

1472 (3.9)*

1163 (3.4)*

Maternal age, n (%)

 <  = 20

502 (2.7)

549 (2.9)

590 (3.2)

627 (3.6)^₮

441 (3.1)*

586 (3.1)*

699 (3.7)*

679 (3.7)*

686 (3.9)*

560 (3.9)*

20–40

11,611 (3.0)

12,746 (3.1)

14,516 (3.4)

15,903 (3.8)^₮

11,848 (3.3)*

12,921 (3.3)*

13,895 (3.4)*

15,313 (3.6)*

16,397 (3.9)*

13,243 (3.7)*

 > 40

433 (3.7)

475 (3.7)

589 (4.2)

684 (4.7)^₮

514 (4.0)*

525 (4.4)*

564 (4.4)*

680 (4.9)*

738 (5.1)*

627 (4.8)*

Child’s age at time of estimation, n (%)

0–1

2716 (1.4)*

2979 (1.5)*

3155 (1.6)*

3479 (1.8)*

2179 (1.2)*

11,497 (6.1)*

12,274 (6.4)*

13,400 (6.8)*

14,225 (7.2)*

11,810 (6.4)*

1–2

5407 (3.2)*

5959 (3.4)*

6902 (3.8)*

7713 (4.2)*

6334 (3.8)*

1146 (0.7)*

1266 (0.7)*

1491 (0.8)*

1594 (0.9)*

1474 (0.9)*

2–3

3068 (2.9)*

3114 (2.8)*

3696 (3.2)*

3998 (3.5)*

3556 (3.4)*

520 (0.5)*

498 (0.5)*

554 (0.5)*

644 (0.6)*

637 (0.6)*

3–4

1510 (3.3)*

1789 (3.5)*

2015 (3.7)*

2222 (4.2)*

1154 (4.8)*

587 (1.3)*

709 (1.4)*

805 (1.5)*

882 (1.7)*

433 (1.8)*

4–5

105 (1.1)*

159 (1.5)*

177 (1.5)*

171 (1.5)*

148 (1.5)*

94 (1.0)*

119 (1.1)*

160 (1.3)*

195 (1.7)*

129 (1.3)*

5+ 

551 (3.5)*

664 (3.6)*

787 (3.5)*

908 (4.2)*

383 (4.1)*

518 (3.3)*

679 (3.6)*

783 (3.5)*

849 (4.0)*

381 (4.1)*